【 動 脈 系 】(体循環の主な動脈)

左心室       ──── は、壁側枝 を表す。 ────  は、吻合 を表す。                            
 ↓
上行大動脈──冠状動脈(有対):心臓の栄養血管                                            
  ↓                                                    ┌−顎動脈                          
大動脈弓─┬─腕頭動脈─┬─右総頚動脈──┬─外頚動脈─┴─浅側頭動脈                      
  │      │            └──┐          └ 内頚動脈───脳・眼球など                    
  │      │                  │                                                           
  │      │        右鎖骨下動脈─┬─腋窩動脈───上腕動脈                         
 │   │                  │                 │
  │      ├─左総頚動脈(以下、省略)   │                  │                             
  │      │                             │                  ├─ 橈骨動脈┬─母指主動脈   
  │      └─左鎖骨下動脈(以下、省略) │                  │            ├−深掌動脈弓──┐
  │                                     │                  │            └−浅掌枝───┐
  │                                     │                  │                            ││
  │      ┌─肋間動脈(9対)           │                  └─ 尺骨動脈┬─浅掌動脈弓─┘│
  │      ├─肋下動脈(1対)           ├─椎骨動脈(脳へ)              └−深掌枝────┘
胸大動脈─┼─気管支動脈(肺の栄養血管) │                                                 
  │      ├─食道動脈                   ├─内胸動脈─┬─筋横隔動脈    ┌−下腹壁動脈と連なる
  │      └─縦隔枝                     │            └─上腹壁動脈 → │  (外腸骨動脈の枝)
  │                                     │                              └−浅腹壁動脈と連なる
  │      ┌─下横隔動脈(1対)           └─頚部・胸壁への動脈             (大腿動脈の枝)
  │      ├─腰動脈(4対)                                                                 
腹大動脈─┼─腹腔動脈(無対)─────┬─左胃動脈  ┌─固有肝動脈(肝臓の栄養血管)    
  │      ├─上腸間膜動脈(無対)      │            │                                   
  │      ├─中副腎動脈(1対)        ├─総肝動脈─┼─右胃動脈                        
  │      ├─腎動脈(1対)            │            │                                   
  │      ├─精巣(卵巣)動脈(1対)  └─脾動脈    └─胃十二指腸動脈                  
  │      └─下腸間膜動脈(無対)                                                        
  │                                                                                      
  │                                                                                      
  │                                                                                      
  ├─ 正中仙骨動脈                                     ┌─閉鎖動脈(閉鎖管を通る)       
  │                          ┌─前 枝 ─┬─壁側枝──┴─下殿動脈(梨状筋下孔を通る)   
  │                          │           │                                            
総腸骨動脈─┬──内腸骨動脈─┤           │            ┌─上膀胱動脈                  
 (有対)   │                │           │            ├─下膀胱動脈                  
            │                │           └─臓側枝──┼─精管動脈(男)・子宮動脈(女)  
            │                │                         ├─中直腸動脈                  
            │                │                         └─内陰部動脈など              
            │                │           ┌─腸腰動脈                                  
            │                └─後 枝 ─┼─外側仙骨動脈                              
            │                             └─上殿動脈(梨状筋上孔を通る)                
            │                                                                            
            └─ 外腸骨動脈─┬─下腹壁動脈                                             
                     │       └─深腸骨回旋動脈                                         
                     │                                                                   
              (血管裂孔を通る)                                                
                     │       ┌─浅腹壁動脈(臍の高さで上腹壁動脈の枝と連なる)           
                     │       ├─大腿深動脈                                             
                  大腿動脈──┴─下行膝動脈                                             
                     │                                      ┌−弓状動脈                 
          (内転筋腱裂孔を通る)┌─前脛骨動脈────足背動脈 ┴─┬─第1背側中足動脈     
                     │       │        (下伸筋支帯の下を通る)   └ 深足底枝─────┐  
                     │       │                    筋 枝                             
                  膝窩動脈──┤              ┌─腓骨動脈                              
                              │              │┌─内果・外果動脈網                    
                              └─後脛骨動脈─┴┴┬──内側足底動脈                    
                              (内果の後ろで屈筋  └──外側足底動脈─── 足底動脈弓─┘  
                                  支帯の下を通る)